Enfield Pub. & Dist. Co.

Advances in experimental mechanics; proceedings.

These proceedings of the September 2007 conference reflect recent advances in the field of materials performance. Papers cover structural integrity (including monitoring creep strain and determining fretting fatigue), inverse problems (including software implementation of the virtual fields methods and means of identifying material properties using FEMU), mechanical modeling (including constitutive models for finite element analysis and working life models), welded structures (including applications of electronic speckle pattern interferometry), NDE (including detection of fracture signals using acoustic emission and evaluation of sub-surface stresses using thermoplastic stress analysis), micromechanical testing (including methods of testing local strain), composites (including tests for glass/carbon fiber and fiber reinforces polymers), impact and high strain rates (including assessment of compression responses of friction stir-welded joints), and those on dynamic molding include load pulse determination in gas gun impact tests. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Advances in grinding and abrasive technology; proceedings.

This work contains selected papers from an October 2007 conference held in China, detailing recent advances in the field of abrasive technology, including the mechanics and control of abrasive processes, modeling and simulation of abrasive processes, measurement and surface quality assessment, cooling and coolants, polishing, wheel truing and dressing, novel abrasive techniques, and novel machining techniques. The book will be of value to production and research engineers, students, and academics. Some specific topics examined include tribological performance of fine-grained diamond films, a high-speed nickel plating bath for manufacture of diamond tools, mechanical behaviors of metal-bonded diamond abrasive tools with different grit sizes, and precision form grinding of ceramic materials with diamond grinding wheels. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Advanced materials and processing; proceedings.

Revised papers from a December 2006 conference cover a range of topics connected to the processing, microstructure, and properties of advanced engineering and functional materials such as metallic materials, polymeric materials, composite materials with polymer, metal, or ceramic matrices, and other functional materials. Some specific topics covered include enhancing fatigue properties of nanostructured metals and alloys, a novel process for lowering the cost of titanium, syntactic foams consolidated with starch, and synthesis and characterization of titania nanotubes. Other subjects include environmentally intelligent biocomposites, hemp fiber reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites, and a novel nano-water- purifying material. The readership for the book includes all those in the international materials research and development community. Zhang is affiliated with the University of Waikato, New Zealand. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Defects and diffusion in ceramics; an annual retrospective IX.

This work collects numerous abstracts of papers on topics in ceramics, such as carbon and carbides, nitrides, oxides, silicates, diffusion processes, point defects, linear defects, and ionic conduction. The book begins with four original papers on ceramics, metals, and semiconductors, describing recent work in areas such as the measurement of oxide barrier-film thickness of Al-alloy by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at the nanometer scale; important features of anomalous single-dopant diffusion and simultaneous diffusion of multi-dopants and point defects in semiconductors; and matrix description of some thermodynamic properties of multicomponent alloys in explicit form. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Diffusion in advanced materials and processing; proceedings.

The 18 selected and peer-reviewed papers identify and model various diffusion mechanisms and phenomena in advanced materials used for structural, electronic, and functional applications. Among the materials considered are interfaces, metallic glasses, oxides, and metallic oxides. Nuclear power generation, steel processing, and gas turbine materials coating are some of the applications. Specific topics include the non-random interaction of vacancies with atoms during inter-diffusion and ionic conductivity in materials, and calculating gas carburizing kinetics from carbon concentrate profiles based on direct flux integration. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Experimental endocrinology and reproductive biology.

This collection of 17 articles includes examinations of clinical developments in endocrinology, developmental endocrinology and endocrine physiology. Topics include the protective actions and novel metabolites of melatonin, research findings on melatonin over the past 30 years, sympathetic nervous regulation of innate immunity, regulation and synthesis of maturation inducing hormones in fish, the roles of melatonin in photoperiodic gonadal response in birds, the effects of prenatal androgen excess on the development of polycystic ovary syndrome, the effects of antidiabetic drugs on the reproductive system (including tumor development), obesity and male infertility, melatonin's effect on the induction and growth of experimental tumors, melatonin's role in bird embryogenesis and anuran development, molecular aspects of early avian development, and the development and regeneration of the vertebrate retina, the mammalian pineal gland ultrastructure, the ultimobranchial gland in poikilotherms, and the involvement of melatonin in the neuro-endocrine network. Distributed in the US by Enfield. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Explosion, shock wave and hypervelocity phenomena in materials; proceedings.

This volume collects 60 papers from the March 2007 Second International Symposium on Explosion, Shock Wave and Hypervelocity Phenomena in Materials, organized by the Kumamoto University's (Japan) Shock Wave and Condensed Matter Research Center, 21st Century COE Program on Pulsed Power Science, and Faculty of Engineering in cooperation with Japan Explosive Society's Technical Section of Explosion and Impulsive Processing and the Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity's Committee of the High-Energy-Rate Forming. Some examples of topics addressed include development of a large diameter diaphragmless shock tube for gas-dynamic laser studies, behaviors of high explosive near the critical conditions for shock initiation of detonation, dynamic response of a steel pipe to internal blast loading, detonation behaviors of nitromethane with various initiating shock pressure, computational studies of the behavior of cellular structures under impact loading, numerical simulation of underwater explosive compaction process for compaction of tungsten powder, processing of advanced materials using conventional and shock techniques, dependence of blast attenuation on weight of barrier materials, sterilization of dry powdered foods by successive impacts, influence of inert copper and silicon carbide inserts on process of detonation transmission through water, and underwater explosive welding of thin magnesium plate onto metal plates. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Gettering and defect engineering in semiconductor technology; proceedings.

This collection comprises 117 peer-reviewed papers from 70 research institutions in 25 countries, from an October 2007 meeting. Material is in sections on crystalline silicon for solar cells, silicon-based materials and advanced semiconductor materials; impurities; modeling and simulation of defects in Si/semiconductors; defect engineering in microelectronics and photovoltaics; Gettering and passivation techniques; defect and impurity characterization; Si- based nanostructures; and silicon-based heterostructures and optoelectronics. Some specific paper topics include dislocations in thin film nitrides, multiplicity of nitrogen species in silicon, oxygen dimmers and related defects in plastically deformed silicon, and electrical uniformity of direct silicon bonded wafer interfaces. Other papers examine high temperature treatment for stress release and defect reduction, horizontal versus vertical annealing of silicon wafers at high temperatures, erbium doped materials for Si-based microphotonics, and hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon thin film studies by scanning force microscopy. B&w images are included. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

HgCdTe system; reference guide.

The HgCdTe system consists of compositions lying between CdTe and HgTe. Its importance stems from the ability to tailor the band-gap precisely between that of the semiconductor CdTe and the zero value of the semi-metal HgTe. As an aid to working with the HgCdTe system, this book summarizes known diffusion and defect properties of the end-members and intermediate alloys of the system. It includes data on: Ag, Al, As, Au, Bi, Br, C, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, H, Hg, I, In, K, Li, Mn, Na, Ni, O, P, S, Sb, Se, Sn, Te, and Zn in various compositions. It also contains details of defect phenomena involving antiphase boundaries, dislocations, grain boundaries, point defects, surface defects, and twins. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Lithium iron phosphate; a promising cathode-active material for lithium secondary batteries.

Nickel-cadmium and nickel-metalhydride batteries have largely become obsolete, especially in portable electronic devices. Taking their place are lighter, more efficient lithium batteries, which are still in development to improve their performance and safety at lower cost. Here Cheruvally (chemistry, Vikram Sarabhai Space Center, India) reviews research on developing lithium iron phosphates as positive electrode materials that have the potential to replace transition metal oxides. She gives basic information on batteries as electrochemical energy sources, then describes lithium iron phosphate as a cathode material and presents nearly a dozen different methods of synthesizing it for experimentation or production. She describes the influence of synthesis parameters on the properties of lithium iron phosphates, the synthesis and properties of metal ion-doped lithium iron phosphate, the influence of different parameters (including cell components and operating temperature) on the cathode, safety and storage issues, theoretical and modeling studies, and phosphate olivines as cathode-active materials. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Materials and technologies; proceedings.

Papers from a September 2006 conference shed light on the current state of the art in the science and technology of materials, touching on powder metallurgy, metal forming, heat treating and surface engineering, metal casting and metal welding, and quality and environmental aspects. Specific subjects examined include massive powder coating in ball milling, a mathematical model of an abrasive water jet milling process, factors that influence the adherence of biovitroceramic coatings on titanium, and corrosion inhibition of zinc in KOH solutions. Other topics include silicon influence on corrosion properties of austenitic stainless steels, high potency late inoculation of grey cast iron, tensile properties of martensitic stainless steel weldments, and titanium dioxide thin film for photodegradation of methyl orange. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Maxwell stresses and dielectric materials.

Kloos, a physicist working in industry, takes a close look at specific electronic stresses while considering materials science, continuum mechanics and electrical engineering points of view. Although he limits coverage of the treatment of electrostatic Maxwell stresses to a macroscopic description, he also provides sufficient information so readers can deal with cases of low material symmetry as well as with the influence of viscoelasticity on the material response. He begins by describing Taylor expansion and interaction diagrams, electrostatic Maxwell stresses and quadratic electrostriction, then turns to derivation of the stress tensor from the force law, Maxwell stress tensors, Maxwell stress tensors at the boundary of a dielectric medium with another dielectric medium or with air, applications, including a viscoelastic case study in application to polymers, closing with an analogous phenomenon, magnetostatic Maxwell stresses. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Mechanisms of high temperature corrosion; a kinetic approach.

Oxidation is a reaction between a gas and a solid which usually produces a solid reaction product. This complex process is made so partially by the fact that the reaction product does not, in general, protect the solid from more oxidation, and may in fact crack, wrinkle and so cause further problems. This summarizes principles of such corrosion events, starting with thermodynamic aspects of high temperature corrosion in terms of the thermodynamics of mixtures and gas-solid equilibrium. It then covers experimental aspects of high temperature corrosion, including techniques for experimentation and phenomenological laws, and proceeds to describe scale structures (including defects responsible for its growth and the growth of porous scales, a kinetic approach to high temperature corrosion in the growth of a compact scale and multilayered scales, and corrosion protection, including atmospheric control, alloys and coatings. This includes case studies and worked examples. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Microbial biotechnology in horticulture; v.3.

This book addresses achievements, constraints, and prospects in the commercialization of microbial biotechnology in horticulture. Chapters cover the microbiology of wine making, fruit wines from tropical and sub-tropical fruits, fermentation and processing of coffee and cocoa, and application of microbial pectinases in food processing. Other subjects covered are bioconversion and cultivation of edible mushrooms, solid-state fermentation and value-added utilization of horticultural processing wastes, single cell protein from horticultural and related food processing wastes, and medicinal mushrooms. Ray is affiliated with the Central Tuber Crops Research Institute in Bhubaneswar, India. Ward is affiliated with the Department of Biology at the University of Waterloo, Canada. The book is distributed in the US by Enfield. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Nonlinearity of colloid systems; oxyhydrate systems.

This first systematic study of the non-linear characteristics of gel oxyhydrate systems involves d- and f- elements, which are rare-earth elements (such as zirconium, niobium, and titanium) and oxides. The non-linearity of these gel systems introduces fundamental peculiarities into their structure and therefore into their properties. Sucharev (South Ural State U., Russia) describes the genesis of gel oxyhydrate systems of these elements in the course of their formation, including the modeling of autowave processes in forming oxyhydrate gels of heavy metals, periodic phenomena of the organization of gel oxyhydrate systems, the dilatancy effect as a specific property of gel oxyhydrates, the Liesegang operator as a reflection of nonlinear properties of oxyhydrate gel systems, mesophase-like behaviors of gel systems, the chromatic effect of some oxyhydrate gels, experimental studies of optical properties of gels and the observed chromatic effect, the physico-chemical nature of polarization of living gels of heavy metal oxyhydrates, the influence of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields on the structuring processes of vitrium oxyhydrate, and quantum chemical studies of the structural models of zirconium oxyhydrate. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Precision surface finishing and deburring technology; proceedings.

These proceedings of the November 2007 conference include papers describing significant progress in new and advanced technologies as well as better understanding of technologies in order to adequately predict, control and optimize the processes currently in practice. Comprising both academic researchers and industrial practitioners, contributors address such topics as network database systems, manufacture of coated production tooling, effective deburring at intersecting holes by a permanent magnet inductor, white layer and surface roughness in high speed milling of P20 steel, application of the Taguchi method of optimization of finish conditions, surface finishing performances in quick-point grinding, electrochemical buffing, methods of reducing shock between a press head and press disk, processes of polishing rock minerals of natural stone, theories and experimental studies on grinding force, online wheel wear evaluation, microscopic characteristics analysis, and prediction of surface quality in bearing convex raceway finishing. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)

Ultra clean processing of semiconductor surfaces 8; proceedings.

Papers from a September 2006 conference, 86 in all, cover all aspects of the use of ultra-clean technology for large-scale integration of semiconductors, and cleaning and contamination-control in both front- end-of-line (FEOL) and back-end-of-line (BEOL) processing. Papers are in sections on SiO2 removal and drying, surface chemistry of Si and Ge, FEOL selective wet etching and corrosion, FEOL photo-resist removal and substrate loss, particle removal and damage, contamination control, metrology, post-CMP cleaning, and BEOL and contact cleaning. Specific topics examined include surface preparation challenges on nitride gate oxides, all-wet stripping of FEOL photoresist using mixtures of sulphuric acid, effects of dopants on the dissolution behavior of silicon substrates in HF-based cleaning solutions, and modeling of shock wave emission during acoustically-driven cavitation-induced cleaning processes. The book is distributed in the US by Trans Tech Publications. (Annotation ©2008 Book News Inc. Portland, OR)